README

Small library for PHP with set of usefull functions for functional programming.

Features:

• set of useful functions helpful in functional programming
• all functions are automatically currying
• every array can be wrapped with special class which allows for method chaining
• first param is always function and the data to be operated will be last param

Table of contents

• Installation
• Usage
• Docs
• Currying
• Development Guides
  • Tools
• Backstory

Installation

To install run:

composer require wojciech.nawalaniec/phlambda

Usage

All functions and constants are in one namespace, so it won't create any conflict with existing ones in your project or other libraries. You can simply import namespaces with alias (for simplification), like this:

use Wojciech\Phlambda as f;

f\all(f\above(2), [1, 2, 3, 4]);

You can import one or few functions using import like this:

use function Wojciech\Phlambda\{all, above};

all(above(2), [1, 2, 3, 4]);

There are also constants which can be used in places accepting callbacks, because PHP will resolve them as functions:

use function Wojciech\Phlambda\map;
use const Wojciech\Phlambda\toString;

map(toString, [1, 2, 3]);

If you have some array and wish to perform multiple, chained operations on it. You can wrapp it with special object with _() function:

use function Wojciech\Phlambda\{_, below, concat};
use const Wojciech\Phlambda\toString;

_($someArray)
    ->filter(below(30))
    ->map(toString) // you can use constant which will be resolved as callable by PHP
    ->reduce(concat(), ''); // or you can call function without params because all functions all curried

If you wish to have more readable code you can use a static method from that class instead: Wrapper::wrap($array).

If you don't want to use objects you can use just functions. Wrapper's methods are just delegates to those functions, and exists only for chaining purposes.

Docs

Here you can find documentation.

Currying

What makes that library different from other functional libraries for PHP is that all function are automatically curried. If you don't know what currying functions are let me try to change it. According to Wikipedia:

In mathematics and computer science, currying is the technique of converting a function that takes multiple arguments into a sequence of functions that each takes a single argument.

Let's see an example:

// we can use reduce function normally like this:
$array = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
$result = reduce(\Wojciech\Phlambda\concat, '', $array); // $result = 'abc'

// and we can use it like currying function:
$concat = reduce(\Wojciech\Phlambda\concat, ''); // now it will return callback accepting last param from reduce - an array
$result = $concat($array); // $result = 'abc'

Because I've decided to implement currying, I've also added placeholder feature. A placeholder is special type you can pass to currying function, if you want to postpone passing of some arguments.

Example of placeholder usage:

$array = [1, 2, 3];
$reducer = reduce(__, __, $array);

$sum = $reducer(sum, 0);
$multiplication = $reducer(multiply, 0);

Development Guides

Check out CONTRIBUTING file

Tools

• make build-docs - generates HTML documentation. Requires Docker installed
• make generate-constants - generates src/constants.php file, for all functions

Backstory

PHP was not designed as functional programming language, that's one thing I'm sure. We can create and use anonymous functions, and in 7.4 we even got arrow functions fn () =>. Language itself is providing us with some functions like array_map() etc. where we can pass an array and some callable to perform some operations on the input. But its... so cumbersome.

One day at the company my friend joked about PHP and said that it's sad we can't do something like this in PHP:

someArray.every(below(30));

I thought for a while, and respond with something like this:

function below(int $val): callable
{
    return fn(int $v) => $v < $val;
}

function every(array $a, callable $fn): array
{
    return array_filter($a, $fn);
}

$arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
every($arr, below(3));

Both examples are similar, but we can see that with PHP solution we have no way of chaining methods together, also we must write most of that method our selves. After while another idea came up to my mind. We could leverage OOP and create class which implements \ArrayAccess so it can be considered array like, and have all that nice methods we can chain together. I thought about something like this:

$arrayObject
    ->filter(below(30))
    ->sum();

It seemed as a great weekend project so here it is.

There are some great functional libraries for JS, but one (pointed by earlier mentioned friend) seemed interesting. It's Ramda. It's interesting because it has all function automatically curried, and it adds some complexity to that project.